Compare Marshall Islands (2006) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2005)

Compare Marshall Islands (2006) z Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2005)

	Marshall Islands (2006)	Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2005)

Administrative divisions	33 municipalities; Ailinginae, Ailinglaplap, Ailuk, Arno, Aur, Bikar, Bikini, Bokak, Ebon, Enewetak, Erikub, Jabat, Jaluit, Jemo, Kili, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap, Mejit, Mili, Namorik, Namu, Rongelap, Rongrik, Toke, Ujae, Ujelang, Utirik, Wotho, Wotje	none (territory of Australia)
Age structure	0-14 years: 38.1% (male 11,720/female 11,295) 15-64 years: 59.2% (male 18,305/female 17,445) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 801/female 856) (2006 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	coconuts, tomatoes, melons, taro, breadfruit, fruits; pigs, chickens	vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts
Airports	15 (2006)	1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 11 914 to 1,523 m: 10 under 914 m: 1 (2006)	-
Area	total: 11,854.3 sq km land: 181.3 sq km water: 11,673 sq km (note - lagoon waters) note: includes the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, Kwajalein, Majuro, Rongelap, and Utirik	total: 14 sq km land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
Area - comparative	about the size of Washington, DC	about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	After almost four decades under US administration as the easternmost part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, the Marshall Islands attained independence in 1986 under a Compact of Free Association. Compensation claims continue as a result of US nuclear testing on some of the atolls between 1947 and 1962. The Marshall Islands hosts the US Army Kwajalein Atoll (USAKA) Reagan Missile Test Site, a key installation in the US missile defense network.	There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island.
Birth rate	33.05 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $42 million expenditures: $40 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (1999)	revenues: NA expenditures: NA
Capital	name: Majuro geographic coordinates: 7 05 N, 171 08 E time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	West Island
Climate	tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt	tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year
Coastline	370.4 km	26 km
Constitution	1 May 1979	Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1953)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands conventional short form: Marshall Islands local long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands local short form: Marshall Islands abbreviation: RMI former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Marshall Islands District	conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Death rate	4.78 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$86.5 million (FY99/00 est.)	-
Dependency status	-	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Greta N. MORRIS embassy: Oceanside, Mejen Weto, Long Island, Majuro mailing address: P. O. Box 1379, Majuro, Republic of the Marshall Islands 96960-1379 telephone: [692] 247-4011 FAX: [692] 247-4012	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Banny DE BRUM chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414 FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236 consulate(s) general: Honolulu	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	claims US territory of Wake Island	none
Economic aid - recipient	$51.1 million more than $1 billion from the US, 1986-2002	NA
Economy - overview	US Government assistance is the mainstay of this tiny island economy. Agricultural production, primarily subsistence, is concentrated on small farms; the most important commercial crops are coconuts and breadfruit. Small-scale industry is limited to handicrafts, tuna processing, and copra. The tourist industry, now a small source of foreign exchange employing less than 10% of the labor force, remains the best hope for future added income. The islands have few natural resources, and imports far exceed exports. Under the terms of the Amended Compact of Free Association, the US will provide millions of dollars per year to the Marshall Islands (RMI) through 2023, at which time a Trust Fund made up of US and RMI contributions will begin perpetual annual payouts. Government downsizing, drought, a drop in construction, the decline in tourism and foreign investment due to the Asian financial difficulties, and less income from the renewal of fishing vessel licenses have held GDP growth to an average of 1% over the past decade.	Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry.
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Likiep 10 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	inadequate supplies of potable water; pollution of Majuro lagoon from household waste and discharges from fishing vessels	fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Micronesian	Europeans, Cocos Malays
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Kessai Hesa NOTE (since 5 January 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Kessai Hesa NOTE (since 5 January 2004) cabinet: Cabinet selected by the president from among the members of the legislature elections: president elected by Parliament from among its own members for a four-year term; election last held 17 November 2003 (next to be held November 2007) election results: Kessai Hesa NOTE elected president; percent of Parliament vote - 100%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports	$9.1 million f.o.b. (2000)	NA
Exports - commodities	copra cake, coconut oil, handicrafts, fish	copra
Exports - partners	US, Japan, Australia, China (2004)	Australia
Fiscal year	1 October - 30 September	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	blue with two stripes radiating from the lower hoist-side corner - orange (top) and white; there is a white star with four large rays and 20 small rays on the hoist side above the two stripes	the flag of Australia is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 31.7% industry: 14.9% services: 53.4% (2000 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate	3.5% (2005 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	9 00 N, 168 00 E	12 30 S, 96 50 E
Geography - note	Bikini and Enewetak are former US nuclear test sites; Kwajalein, the famous World War II battleground, is used as a US missile test range; island city of Ebeye is the second largest settlement in the Marshall Islands, after the capital of Majuro, and one of the most densely populated locations in the Pacific	islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation
Highways	-	total: 15 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2003)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$54.7 million f.o.b. (2000)	NA
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels, beverages and tobacco	foodstuffs
Imports - partners	US, Japan, Australia, NZ, Singapore, Fiji, China, Philippines (2004)	Australia
Independence	21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)	none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	copra, tuna processing, tourism, craft items from seashells, wood, and pearls	copra products and tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 28.43 deaths/1,000 live births male: 31.93 deaths/1,000 live births female: 24.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3% (2005 est.)	-
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFC, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO	none
Irrigated land	0 sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; High Court; Traditional Rights Court	Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force	14,680 (2000)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 21.4% industry: 20.9% services: 57.7%	the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 11.11% permanent crops: 44.44% other: 44.45% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	Marshallese 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999 census) note: English widely spoken as a second language; both Marshallese and English are official languages	Malay (Cocos dialect), English
Legal system	based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws	based upon the laws of Australia and local laws
Legislative branch	unicameral legislature or Nitijela (33 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 17 November 2003 (next to be held by November 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA note: the Council of Chiefs or Ironij is a 12-member body comprised of tribal chiefs that advises on matters affecting customary law and practice	unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats) elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held NA
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 70.31 years male: 68.33 years female: 72.39 years (2006 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 93.7% male: 93.6% female: 93.7% (1999)	-
Location	Oceania, two archipelagic island chains of 29 atolls, each made up of many small islets, and five single islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia	Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka
Map references	Oceania	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 795 ships (1000 GRT or over) 30,772,611 GRT/50,987,293 DWT by type: barge carrier 2, bulk carrier 178, cargo 53, chemical tanker 133, container 147, liquefied gas 25, passenger 7, petroleum tanker 234, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 7, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 5 foreign-owned: 730 (Australia 2, Bermuda 4, Brazil 1, Canada 6, Chile 1, Croatia 2, Cyprus 15, Denmark 1, Finland 2, Germany 194, Greece 199, Hong Kong 7, Isle of Man 1, Italy 1, Japan 7, South Korea 1, Latvia 7, Monaco 8, Netherlands 1, Norway 65, Russia 1, Saudi Arabia 1, Singapore 6, Slovenia 3, Spain 3, Switzerland 13, Turkey 20, UAE 3, UK 12, US 143) registered in other countries: 1 (North Korea 1) (2006)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the US	defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force
Military branches	no regular military forces; Marshall Islands Police	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Constitution Day, 1 May (1979)	Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality	noun: Marshallese (singular and plural) adjective: Marshallese	noun: Cocos Islander(s) adjective: Cocos Islander
Natural hazards	infrequent typhoons	cyclone season is October to April
Natural resources	coconut products, marine products, deep seabed minerals	fish
Net migration rate	-5.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures; the following two "groupings" have competed in legislative balloting in recent years - Aelon Kein Ad Party [Michael KABUA] and United Democratic Party or UDP [Litokwa TOMEING]	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	60,422 (July 2006 est.)	628 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	2.25% (2006 est.)	0% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Port Refuge
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 note: additionally, the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Services (Central Pacific Network) operate one FM and one AM station on Kwajalein (2005)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions	Protestant 54.8%, Assembly of God 25.8%, Roman Catholic 8.4%, Bukot nan Jesus 2.8%, Mormon 2.1%, other Christian 3.6%, other 1%, none 1.5% (1999 census)	Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.94 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	NA
Telephone system	general assessment: digital switching equipment; modern services include telex, cellular, internet, international calling, caller ID, and leased data circuits domestic: Majuro Atoll and Ebeye and Kwajalein islands have regular, seven-digit, direct-dial telephones; other islands interconnected by high frequency radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) and mini-satellite telephones international: country code - 692; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); US Government satellite communications system on Kwajalein (2001)	general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system domestic: NA international: country code - 61-891; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	5,510 (2004)	287 (1992)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,198 (2004)	note - analog cellular service available
Television broadcast stations	2 (both are US military stations) note: Marshalls Broadcasting Service (cable company) operates on Majuro (2005)	NA
Terrain	low coral limestone and sand islands	flat, low-lying coral atolls
Total fertility rate	3.85 children born/woman (2006 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	30.9% (2000 est.)	60% (2000 est.)

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